The 19th Indiana Volunteer Infantry was mustered into service on July 29th, 1861 at Camp Morton in Indianapolis Indiana. Ten companies made up the regiment and they were from the following counties.
| Company A - | Madison County |
| Company B - | Wayne County |
| Company C - | Randolph County |
| Company D - | Marion County |
| Company E - | Delaware County |
| Company F - | Marion County |
| Company G - | Elkhart County |
| Company H - | Johnson County |
| Company I - | Owen County |
| Company K - | Delaware County |
On August 5, 1861 the regiment left for Washington D.C. where they were attached to the 3rd Brigade, McDowell's Division, Army of the Potomac. During the fall and winter of 1861 - 1862 the regiment suffered horribly from disease. Typhoid and malarial fevers took a heavy toll in the ranks and was often fatal. Over 60 soldiers died from disease from August of 1861 to the spring of 1862. By the time the war ended 1 officer and 116 enlisted men would eventually die from disease.
The major battles that the 19th Indiana partook in are as follows.
| August 28, 1862 | Brawner Farm |
| August 30, 1862 | 2nd Bull Run |
| September 14, 1862 | South Mountain |
| September 17, 1862 | Antietam |
| December 13, 1862 | Fredericksburg |
| April 29, 1863 | Fitzhugh's Crossing |
| July 1, 1863 | Gettysburg |
| May 5 - 7, 1864 | Wilderness |
| May 8 - 13, 1864 | Laurel Hill |
| May 23 - 27, 1864 | North Anna |
| June 1 - 5, 1864 | Cold Harbor |
| June 18, 1864 | Petersburg |
| June 19 - July 28, 1864 | Siege of Petersburg |
| July 30 - October 18, 1864 | Petersburg Siege, Weldon Road and Yellow House |
The Non-Veterans of the regiment were mustered out of service on July 28, 1864 and on October 18 the remaining soldiers were consolidated with the 20th Indiana.
These survivors continued to serve with the army until the spring of 1865 participating in the Raid on Weldon Railroad December of 1864, Dabney's Mills and Hatcher's Run in February 1865.
They participated in the Fall of Petersburg, Sailor's Creek and Farmville in April of 1865.
On April 9, 1865 they were at Appomattox Court House for the surrender of Lee and his army. After the surrender the regiment was sent to Washington D.C. and they were part of the Grand Review on May 23, 1865.
On July 21, 1865 the regiment was mustered out of service at Indianapolis Indiana.
The 19th Indiana Regiment lost during service 5 Officers and 194 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded.
The 19th was part of a brigade that consisted of the 2nd, 6th, 7th Wisconsin and 24th Michigan Regiments.
After the battles in the fall of 1862 until the end of the war they were known as the "Iron Brigade".
In proportion to its numbers this brigade sustained the heaviest loss of any in the war. At Gettysburg alone the Iron Brigade lost 1,212 in killed, wounded and missing out of a total of 1,883 soldiers that were present at the start of the battle.
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